Various surgical methods can be used: We commonly perform ligation of the vein via a small incision in the lower abdomen (Bernardi or Palomo method) or groin (Ivanisevic method). In selected cases, however, the varicocele can also be treated with sclerotherapy. Here, the veins are exposed at the genital and obliterated with a substance. The blood then leaves the scrotum via the by-pass loops.